Despite increasing mechanization, bullocks remain a vital component of Indian farming, particularly in small-scale and marginal farming systems. The persistent decline of India's bullock population threatens not only the livelihoods of small-scale farmers but also the preservation of traditional farming practices and the cultural heritage associated with bullock-based agriculture. There is an urgent need to revitalize the role of draught animals in Indian agriculture under the changed scenario through innovative strategies to integrate these animals into modern farming practices. By prioritizing these considerations, the sustainable utilization of draught animals can be effectively promoted, thereby enhancing ecological and economic benefits while safeguarding animal welfare.
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