Indian Dairy AssociationIDA

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Gunjan Bhandari
Scientist, Dairy Economics, Statistics and Management Division, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal
gunjanbhandari5@gmail.com 		Udita Chaudhary
Senior Scientist, Dairy Economics, Statistics and Management Division, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal
udita.sheokhand@gmail.com
Subhasis Mandal
Principal Scientist & Head, Dairy Economics, Statistics and Management Division, ICAR-NDRI, Karnal
subhasis2006@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

India leads the world in milk production, but its presence in global dairy trade is still minimal. This article examines the paradox by analysing how tariffs, quality standards and other trade barriers shape India's access to international markets. Using data from UNCTAD-TRAINS and ITC, it highlights the dominance of Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) and Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) measures, which together account for nearly three-fourths of all trade restrictions. The study identifies product- and market-specific hurdles, classifies destinations by accessibility and outlines strategies for enhancing export competitiveness through compliance, certification and policy realignment.
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